Oleanolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid derived from a variety of plants with a wide range of biological activities and pharmacological effects. The following is a detailed introduction to oleanolic acid:
1. Basic Information
Chinese name: Oleanolic acid
Chinese alias: oleanolic acid hydrate, earth angelica acid, stilbene, earth angelica acid hydrate
English name: Oleanolic acid
Alias:Olean-12-en-28-oic acid, 3-hydroxy-, (3β)-; Oleanolic; CARYOPHYLLIN
CAS No.: 508-02-1
Molecular Formula: C30H48O3
Molecular weight: 456.70000
2. Physical Properties
Appearance and properties: Oleanolic acid is white needle crystal (in ethanol) or off-white to white crystal or powder, odorless, tasteless.
Solubility: insoluble in water, soluble in methanol, ethanol, ether, acetone and chloroform.
Stability: unstable to acid and alkali.
Melting point: 308～310°C
Density: 1.1 g/cm³
Boiling point: 553.5 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash point: 302.6 °C
3. The source of extraction
Oleanolic acid mainly exists in the whole grass of green leaf gall or the fruit of chasteberry of the genus Swertia of the family Gentianaceae, and also exists in the leaves of Cucurbita pepo and olive of the family Cucurbitaceae. The content of oleanolic acid in different plants varies, generally between 0.2% and 2%, with a higher content of up to 1.5% to 2% in the bottom of the pot, and 0.6% to 0.7% in the fruits of Ligustrum officinale.
4. Pharmacological effects
Antibacterial effect: oleanolic acid is a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug, inhibitory effect on a variety of bacteria.
Hepatoprotective and enzyme-lowering: oleanolic acid has obvious protective effect on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute and chronic liver injury in rats, and can reduce serum ghrelin activity, promote hepatocyte regeneration, inhibit hepatic fiber proliferation, and prevent and control the role of cirrhosis of the liver.
Anti-inflammatory effect: oleanolic acid has obvious inhibitory effect on experimental arthritis.
Immunomodulation: oleanolic acid has enhanced effects on mononuclear phagocyte system and macrophage phagocytosis in mice, but it has effects on anisotropic humoral immune function and antigen-binding cells.
Anti-tumor: oleanolic acid has an inhibitory effect on the growth of S180 tumor lines.
Anti-aging and antioxidant: oleanolic acid has significant anti-aging and antioxidant effects.
5. Clinical application
Oleanolic acid is mainly used for the treatment of bronchitis, pneumonia, acute tonsillitis, periodontitis, dysentery, acute gastroenteritis, urinary tract infections, and viral chronic protracted hepatitis and other diseases. In addition, oleanolic acid can also be used to correct protein metabolism disorders and prevention of hepatic encephalopathy.
Precautions
Children should consult a physician when taking oleanolic acid.
Overdose or serious adverse reactions should seek medical attention.
Oleanolic acid is contraindicated in patients who are allergic to oleanolic acid.
It is contraindicated when there is a change in the properties of the drug.
The drug should be kept out of reach of children.
In conclusion, oleanolic acid is a natural compound with a wide range of biological activities and pharmacological effects, and has important applications in the field of medicine.