Glutathione (GSH) is a biologically active tripeptide compound with a variety of important physiological functions, and its basic properties can be summarized as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1. Chemical structure and composition<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Molecular Formula: C\u2081\u2080H\u2081\u2087O\u2086SN\u2083<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Molecular weight: about 307.33<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Composition: Composed of glutamic acid, cysteine and glycine condensed by peptide bonding, containing a special \u03b3-amide bond and a reactive sulfhydryl group (-SH).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Chemical structure formula: \u03b3-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. Forms and transformations<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Reduced form (G-SH): is the main active form, accounting for more than 90% of the total glutathione in the body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Oxidized (G-S-S-G): two molecules of reduced glutathione are formed by dehydrogenation linked by a disulfide bond.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dynamic equilibrium: catalyzed by glutathione reductase, the oxidized form can be reduced to the reduced form while consuming NADPH.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. Distribution and content<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Widespread: distributed in almost all mammalian, plant and microbial cells.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Intracellular localization: mainly in the cytoplasm (about 90%), with small amounts in the mitochondria, nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Concentration difference: the content varies significantly in different tissues and organs, and the content is higher in metabolically active organs such as liver and kidney.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. Physical properties<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Appearance: white crystalline powder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Solubility: soluble in water, dilute alcohol, liquid ammonia and dimethylformamide, insoluble in ether, acetone and other organic solvents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Stability: antioxidant in aqueous solution, can scavenge reactive oxygen radicals and protect cells from oxidative damage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5. Biological Functional Basis<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Active sulfhydryl group: the sulfhydryl group of cysteine side chain is the core of its function, involved in redox reaction, detoxification and enzyme activity regulation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Coenzymes: As coenzymes of certain enzymes, they activate enzyme activities and participate in the regulation of cellular metabolism.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Glutathione (GSH) is a biologically active tripeptide compound with a variety of important physiological functions, and its basic properties can be summarized as follows: 1. Chemical structure and composition Molecular Formula: C\u2081\u2080H\u2081\u2087O\u2086SN\u2083 Molecular weight: about 307.33 Composition: Composed of glutamic acid, cysteine and glycine condensed by peptide bonding, containing a special \u03b3-amide bond and a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1836","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-industry-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/diosmin-hesperidin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1836","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/diosmin-hesperidin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/diosmin-hesperidin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diosmin-hesperidin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diosmin-hesperidin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1836"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/diosmin-hesperidin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1836\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1838,"href":"https:\/\/diosmin-hesperidin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1836\/revisions\/1838"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diosmin-hesperidin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/diosmin-hesperidin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1836"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diosmin-hesperidin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1836"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diosmin-hesperidin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1836"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}